Petroleum composition

The oil is composed of hydrocarbons, which are compounds of hydrogen and carbon, mostly paraffins, naphthenes and aromatic. Along with varying amounts of hydrocarbon derivatives of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen. Variable amounts of dissolved gas and small proportions of metal components. You can also contain salts and water in emulsion or free. Its components are obtained by distillation useful in the petroleum refining industry. The components unwanted sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, metals, water, salt, etc.. Are eliminated through physical-chemical processes. The number of drugs is very great. Most hydrocarbons are classified as isolated:

• Paraffinic hydrocarbons: They are saturated hydrocarbons counterparts methane (CH4). His general formula is: CnH2n +2

• Cicloparafinas-Naftenos: These cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, byproducts of cyclopentane (C5H10) and cyclohexane (C6H12). Many of these hydrocarbons containing methyl groups contacted parafínicas branched chains. His general formula is: CnH2n

• Aromatic hydrocarbons: cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons are formed by benzene (C6H6) and their counterparts. His general formula is CnHn.

Other hydrocarbons that US Petroleum Holdings identify:

• Olefins: They are linear or branched molecules that contain a carbon double bond. His general formula is: CnH2n

• Dienos: They are linear or branched molecules containing two carbon double bonds. His general formula is: CnH2n-2

Non-hydrocarbon compounds: The most important compounds are sulphides organic compounds of nitrogen and oxygen. There were also traces of metal compounds such as sodium (Na), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), lead (Pb), and so on. You can also find traces of porphyrins, which are organometallic species.